http://www.neonlightssigns.info/laser-speed/
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Handheld Digital Laser Photo Tachometer RPM Tach Small Engine Motor Speed Gauge |  |
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US $25.99 | 1d 5h 51m |
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Laser Atlanta Speed Laser S Police Lidar Radar Traffic Unit with Battery Handles | |
13 Bids | US $440.00 | 1h 16m |
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LTI Marksman 20/20 Laser Speed Detection Radar Gun LIDAR Police Sports WORKING | |
21 Bids | US $315.00 | 2h 19m |
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5 Speed 8" Electric Drill Press W/ Laser Guide Power Tools HD Home/Business New | |
0 Bid | US $104.49 | 9h 27m |
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DT2236B 2 in1 Digital Laser Photo Contact Tachometer RPM Surface Speed Tester | |
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US $39.90 | 24d 20h 1m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE d2 | |
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US $649.90 | 18d 16h 28m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING c8 | |
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US $649.90 | 25d 14h 37m |
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IPL Speed Shutter/ipl laser safety glasses | |
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US $177.00 | 29d 21h 28m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE h | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 19h 35m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING f | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 19h 33m |
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Laser Speed
If a spaceship approaching us at 0.9 times the speed of light shines a laser beam at Earth, how fast will...?
....the photons in the beam be moving when they arrive at Earth?
The speed of light, it's not just a good idea... it's the Law !
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Handheld Digital Laser Photo Tachometer RPM Tach Small Engine Motor Speed Gauge | |
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US $25.99 | 1d 5h 51m |
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Laser Atlanta Speed Laser S Police Lidar Radar Traffic Unit with Battery Handles | |
13 Bids | US $440.00 | 1h 16m |
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LTI Marksman 20/20 Laser Speed Detection Radar Gun LIDAR Police Sports WORKING | |
21 Bids | US $315.00 | 2h 19m |
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5 Speed 8" Electric Drill Press W/ Laser Guide Power Tools HD Home/Business New | |
0 Bid | US $104.49 | 9h 27m |
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DT2236B 2 in1 Digital Laser Photo Contact Tachometer RPM Surface Speed Tester | |
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US $39.90 | 24d 20h 1m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE d2 | |
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US $649.90 | 18d 16h 28m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING c8 | |
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US $649.90 | 25d 14h 37m |
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IPL Speed Shutter/ipl laser safety glasses | |
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US $177.00 | 29d 21h 28m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE h | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 19h 35m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING f | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 19h 33m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE l | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 18h 59m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING j | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 18h 58m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE b5 | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 18h 34m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING b3 | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 18h 33m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING c2 | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 18h 4m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING d1 | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 17h 36m |
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HIGH PRECISE AND HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVER /ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ad | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 16h 50m |
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HIGH SPEED USB CO2 LASER ENGRAVING CUTTING MACHINE ENGRAVER/ENGRAVING ab | |
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US $659.90 | 29d 16h 48m |
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NIB DYNAVISION MODEL NO. S6-32D-5 HIGH SPEED LASER SENSOR (BIN 68) | |
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US $300.00 | 29d 9h 27m |
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USB High Speed Laser Barcode Reader Scanner LED Buzzer indicator Cuecat | |
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US $32.95 | 25d 6h 37m |
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Panasonic High Speed Up To 12ppm Laser Fax/Copier Machine KXFL511 $159.4 Panasonic High Speed Up To 12ppm Laser Fax/Copier Machine KXFL511 |
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Panasonic High Speed Laser Fax Machine. Each $175.44 Manufacturer: Panasonic. Each. Panasonic High Speed Laser Fax Fast printing, copier with reduction and enlargement, caller id, jog dial, 220 sheet paper tray, 20 pg automatic document feed, monitor spkr, 2MB up to 170 pgs of out of paper reception, 122 nu |
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1985-1986 Chrysler Laser Speed Sensor Standard Chrysler Speed Sensor SC5 $41.24 standard vehicle speed sensor 2 electrical connectors 1 terminal female connector male terminal pin terminal type transmission mounting location a high quality direct fit oe replacement vehicle speed sensor with 90-day or 3 000-mile standard limited warranty auto parts warehouse has extensive standard speed sensor catalogs.we are now offering free shipping on all standard speed sensor orders over $50.00. our secure standard speed sensor catalog is available every hour of everyday. shop with confidence for all your standard speed sensor needs. standard speed sensor are in stock and available today. save upto 60% off dealer price on your next standard speed sensor purchase. our online catalog contains a wide selection of the oem and aftermarket parts you need at unbeatable prices |
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Speed $13.99 Speed |
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Panasonic KXFL511 Panasonic High Speed Laser Fax $214.65 Panasonic High Speed Laser Fax Fast printing copier with reduction and enlargement caller id jog dial 220 sheet paper tray 20 pg automatic document feed monitor spkr 2MB up to 170 pgs of out of paper reception 122 number directory broadcasting auto redialtoner KXFA83drum KXFA84 1800HELPFAX.1 year warranty through Panasonic |
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IntelliFax-4750e High Speed Business Class Laser Fax $529.95 This business class Laser Fax with Super G3 33.6K bps modem and 8MB memory with battery back up can store up to 600 pages for out of paper reception or fax broadcasting to up to 282 separate locations. Dual Access capability and Quick Scan let you scan faxes into memory as fast as 2 seconds/page while the unit is busy sending or receiving. A 250 sheet standard paper capacity, up to 50 page auto document feeder, and 232 station auto dialing combined with a high monthly duty cycle and high yield consumables to handle demanding business applications. An optional†second lower 250 sheet paper tray is available for handling higher volume applications, or for loading different paper sizes simultaneously. Delivering high speed laser performance and reliability at low operating costs, it also copies at up to 15 copies/minute, sorts, enlarges and reduces. |
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Panasonic Consumer HIGH SPEED LASER FAX KXFL511 $214.65 Panasonic High Speed Laser FaxMODEL KXFL511 VENDOR PANASONIC CONSUMER ELECTRONICS FEATURES Highspeed Laser Fax/Copier Machine High Speed up to 12 ppm Laser Fax/Copier Machine. Paper Tray Capacity up to 220 Sheets (LTR) max.14.4 Kbps Modem SpeedTEL/TAD/FAX Switching2Line 16character LCD Display on Base UnitJog Dial OperationQuick Scan Spend less time waiting for your documents to scan Models with this feature rapidly scan documents into the builtin memory so you can quickly retrieve the pages and get back to work. Then the document is transmitted from memory. Up to 170 pages for Out of Paper Reception20 Page Automatic Document Feeder64level photo ResolutionPhoto/Super Fine/Fine/Standard ResolutinLaser Print MethodBroadcasting (20 locations) If you re sending the same fax to multiple locations you can program the unit to do so automatically eliminating the need to manually repeat the sending process for each location. Documents are stored in memory and faxed in succession to each of the locations you program. Up to 99 CopiesHelp functionReduction Copy 50 200 (5 increments)Enlargement Copy 50 200 (5 increments)Collate/Sort/CopyElectronic Volume ControlCaller ID List PrintingOneTouch Stations: 5 x 2Speed Dial Stations: up to 122600 x 600 dpi Print ResolutionDistinctive Ring DetectionMonitor SpeakerAnswering Machine Interface The unit allows you to connect an optional external answering device allowing the reception of voice and fax messages on one phone line. Caller IQ CompatibleDelayed TransmissionJournal ReportExtension Line Transfer MANUFACTURER WARRANTY:nbsp;nbsp;1 YEAR |
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High Speed USB Laser Barcode Scanner(BSL-7800) $104.25 - Type: 650nm Visible Red Laser- Usage: handheld or mounted- Indicator: dual LED light- Reading width:60mm at 30mm,98mm at 100mm- Processor: 32-bit ARM- Smart AGC control- Multiple code pages (configurable)- Error Rate: 1 in 3 Million- Safety Standards: PRC Class 2 Laser Compliant- Supported Barcodes: EAN-8, EAN-13, UPC-A, UPC-E, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, EAN128, Codabar 125, Industoal 2 of 5 and all linear bar code- Support connector:RS232,PC,USB port- Speed: 100 scans per second- Vertical scanning angle: 60'- Horizontal scanning angle: 45'- Operating environmental temperature: -20'C ~ 45'C, humidity: 5%-85%- Storage temperature: 20'C-45'C, humidity: 5%-85%- Power: 5V DC 120mA (via USB port)- Idle power usage: 30mA - Drop and crash test: still functional after dropping 100 times at 1.5m height- Maximum environmental light when scanning: 4000Lux - EM interference resistance: en50081,par1 standard- Water and dust resistance: iec529,ip42Scanner dimensions: 166mm*66mm*86mm Build material: ABS+pc Scanner weight: 130g |
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High Speed USB Laser Barcode Scanner (BSL-7800) $129 Type: 650nm Visible Red LaserUsage: handheld or mountedManufacturer site: http://www.szbsl.net/product_view.asp?id=305(Chinese language only)Processor: 32-bit ARMSmart AGC controlMultiple code pages (configurable)Error Rate: 1 in 5 MillionSafety Standards: PRC Class 2 Laser CompliantSupported Barcodes: EAN-8, EAN-13, UPC-A, UPC-E, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, EAN128, Codaber, Industoal 2 of 5, Interleave 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5, MSI, PRC Postal CodesConnectivity: USB PortResolution:(pcs0.9) 0.10mm(4mil), Configurable depth: 15-800mm (pcs0.9) Speed: 58 scans per secondVertical scanning angle: 60'Horizontal scanning angle: 45'Operating environmental temperature: -20'C ~ 45'C, humidity: 5%-85%Storage temperature: 20'C-45'C, humidity: 5%-85%Power: 5V DC 57mA (via USB port)Idle power usage: 36mA Drop and crash test: still functional after dropping 100 times at 1.5m heightMaximum environmental light when scanning: 6000Lux EM interference resistance: en50081,par1 standardWater and dust resistance: en50081,par1Scanner dimensions: 90mm*70mm*153mm Build material: ABS+pc Scanner weight: 128g |
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USB plasma laser ball with hub usb hub 2.0 high speed gadgets for usb promotion $13.47 USB plasma laser ball with hub usb hub 2.0 high speed gadgets for usb promotion |
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Panasonic High-Speed Laser Fax/ Copier $149.99 Copy documents and receive your faxes faster with this laser fax/copier that prints up to 12 ppm* with a 600 x 600 dpi resolution, so pages can be read with ease. 2-in-1 functionality copies and faxes via phone line Prints up to 12 ppm* Up to 600 x 600 dpi with 64-level photo resolution |
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Roller Derby Laser 7.9 Boys' Speed Quad Skate $100.77 Roller Derby laser 7.9 boys' speed roller skate offers performance and comfort in a speed skate designReinforced comfort-fit boot with heel stabilizer, padded collar, and laces with Velcro power strapSkate chassis: Tru-TacWheels: 54mm clear urethane with pro coreBearings: ABEC 7Sizes: 3-8 |
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Girl's Roller Derby Laser 7.9 Speed Quad Skates $79.03 Perfect for those who love to skate, the Roller Derby Laser 7.9 Girl's Speed Roller Skate offers performance and comfort in a speed skate design. These skates feature a reinforced comfort fit boot design. Boot: Reinforced comfort fit boot with heel stabilizer, padded collar, and laces and Velcro power strap Chassis: Tru-TacWheels: 54mm Clear Urethane with Pro CoreBearings: ABEC 7 |
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Between the Buried and Me--Laser Speed
Beam-steered Laser Marking of Plastics
Beam-steered Nd:YAG (Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) laser marking provides a unique combination of speed, permanence, and imaging versatility in a noncontact marking process. Laser marking can generate considerable savings in reduced manufacturing and tooling costs; elimination of secondary processes and consumable disposal; and reduced inventory expense, quality-control costs, and maintenance downtime. Laser marking frequently improves the aesthetic appearance of the marking image, thereby increasing the product's perceived value.
Of all materials, plastics are the most challenging in terms of the laser's interaction with the material and the required image quality. The wide variety of material chemistries and colors and the aesthetic requirements of most plastics applications require special consideration in both material chemistry and imaging techniques. The successful implementation of laser marking technology requires a working knowledge of the laser marker's function and capabilities and a committed, team approach by the user.
Marking Fundamentals
Laser marking is a thermal process that employs a high-intensity beam of focused laser light to create a contrasting mark on the material surface. As the target material absorbs the laser light, the surface temperature increases to induce a color change in the material and/or vaporization of material to engrave the surface.
Beam-steered laser marking employs mirrors mounted on high-speed, computer-controlled galvanometers to direct the laser beam across the target surface. Each galvanometer provides one axis of beam motion in the marking field. A multi-element, flat-field lens assembly subsequently focuses the laser light to achieve high power density on the work surface while maintaining the focused-spot travel on a flat plane. The laser output is gated to blank the beam between marking strokes.
Marking can be accomplished at speeds of up to 5000 mm/sec with positioning speeds between marking strokes of 50,000 mm/sec. Because the process relies on heat conduction into the plastic, marking speeds are usually slower than the system's maximum capability to allow sufficient conduction to achieve the desired results.
The beam-steered marker can duplicate virtually any black-and-white image, including variable line widths and images as small as 0.0001 inch. Present computer-imaging technology produces highly intricate graphics with line widths, resolution, and accuracy well below 0.001 inch. Because the image is created by "drawing" with the laser beam, the marking time is dependent on the amount and complexity of the text and graphics. With computer-generated imaging, any graphic element or the entire marking program can be instantly changed before a new part is positioned for marking.
Nd:YAG lasers amplify light of 1.06mm wavelength in the near-infrared. They are unique among the different types of lasers in that they operate much like an "optical capacitor." In pulsed operation, the Nd:YAG laser stores energy between pulses, resulting in peak powers of kilowatts of light energy. A Nd:YAG laser emitting 75 watts of continuous light, pulsed at 1 kHz, emits a train of pulses with peak powers of 110,000 watts. The "optical capacitor" effect provides the peak power necessary to vaporize material. For plastics applications, the laser must also be run in a "top hat" mode, where the power distribution is fairly even across the cross section of the laser beam in order to eliminate "hot spots" in the marking path.
The beam-steered Nd:YAG marker frequently replaces acid and electro-etch systems, stamping and punching systems, and those other marking systems that permanently mark products by imprinting or engraving. It also replaces other, less permanent printing systems, including ink jet.
Uncoated Plastics
Most uncoated plastics must be doped with a material reflective to the laser wavelength to prevent over-absorption of the laser light, which results in loss of control of the temperature rise and excessive melting on the surface. Light-colored plastics are doped with mica, titanium dioxide or carbon-containing materials. The heat generated by absorption of the laser light causes the carbon to migrate to the surface, producing a contrasting dark mark against the unaltered background plastic.
Plastics are semitransparent to the near-infrared wavelength of the Nd:YAG laser. Depending on the degree of transparency and the laser output power, the laser beam can alter the material surface to depths of more than 0.025 mm without achieving vaporization temperature on the surface. If material vaporization occurs, the layer of carbon is thinned and the marking image will appear washed out.
There has been considerable success in altering the depth of carbon migration to create gray-scale graphics on light plastics. Adjusting the power and/or pulse rate of the laser controls the depth of penetration and therebv the darkness of the mark. Increasing the laser power will increase the overall depth of penetration and thickness of the carbon layer. Increasing the pulse rate will result in a longer pulse width and lower peak power. The longer exposure also increases the depth of penetration and associated carbon layer.
Dark plastic is doped with a material that produces a lighter color as the material expands and the density decreases. As the temperature of the plastic increases, the plastic expands to form a "blister" on the surface and a lighter-colored mark. As with light plastics, the temperature must be tightly controlled to avoid over absorption. If the temperature rises too high and the blister bursts, material is lost and the mark will lose contrast.
Not all plastics require dopant to achieve a contrasting mark. Several plastics do yield excellent results without additives; for example, most black polycarbonates produce a snow-white mark without altering the chemistry.
Coated Plastics
Coated plastics consist of a solid, translucent, or transparent plastic with one or more coats of ink or paint. The marking image is created by achieving vaporization temperature on the surface to remove the top coat and expose the underlying plastic or second coat.
Coated plastics allow a great deal of control over color selection and marking contrast. Transparent plastics allow the designer to use an underlying part to establish the background color (marking image) while the top coat determines the foreground color. Solid plastics establish their own background with the color of the plastic. Translucent plastics are frequently used for back-lit applications. The plastic is initially coated with a white paint and overlaid with a dark top coat. The laser removes the top coat, exposing the white paint for daytime visibility. When the part is back-lit at night, the lighting illuminates the translucent plastic from behind and the marking image appears in the color of the plastic.
The paint or ink used must be conducive to laser processing. Standard paints and inks are neither predictable nor controllable when exposed to the laser output. The inks burn easily and can mix with the underlying plastic while in the molten liquid state. Laser-compatible inks are mixed with a silicone-based material reflective to the laser output, thereby reducing the ink's light absorption and rate of thermal reaction. Paints must be suitable for high-temperature processing and be free of any contaminants that may absorb the laser wavelength and speed up the thermal rise.
To achieve a quality image, the top coat must be completely removed with minimal impact on the underlying plastic or secondary coat. To maximize the ratio of light absorption between the two layers, the top coat must always be a dark color and the contrasting underlying layer must be a light color. The dark color will absorb a comparatively higher percentage of the laser light, resulting in a higher surface temperature, while the light color reflects a higher percentage and minimizes the temperature rise. The underlying plastic, paint, or ink should also be thick enough to tolerate a minor amount of material removal during marking.
Marking coated plastics is a multi-step process in which the first marking pass removes the majority of the top coating. The remaining residue is removed with a second, lower-power pass to minimize the effect to the underlying material. For precise edge definition, the outline of the image is marked prior to filling in the image. The outline is marked with a heavy edge pass (i.e., 50 kHz, 250 mm/sec, 2.5 watts) followed by a lower-power cleanup pass (50 kHz, 250 mm/sec,1.75 watts). The image is then filled, if desired, with a heavy fill pass (50 kHz, 650 mm/sec, 6 watts) and subsequent cleanup pass (50 kHz, 6.50 mm/sec, 4.5 watts). Care in determining the process parameters for each pass and the edge and fill beam paths will result in a crisp, high-contrast, high-quality marking image.
Preparation and Installation
Perhaps the most critical element in the successful application of laser marking is the composition of the part programs. When replacing an existing marking technology, one must allow up to six months for conversion of existing art work to part-marking computer programs. Even if the present artwork resides in AutoCAD files, time must be allotted to convert the files to optimized marking programs.
Many users start with thousands of sheets of Mylar artwork. (Mylar is a DuPont trade name.) Each Mylar film is scanned to create a bitmap image. The scanned bitmap could be directly converted to the laser marker format with good image quality, but the cycle time would be unnecessarily long, with excessive marking line overlap.
For best results, import the scanned bitmap into AutoCAD as a positional template. Create a separate marking "logo" for each alphanumeric character and graphic image, and, in AutoCAD, place each logo in position on a separate layer, using the bitmap template as a positioning guide. A library of optimized logos facilitates the creation of programs from the scanned artwork, allows nonstandard text kerning and line leading, and ensures low cycle time and high image quality. After all the logos are in place, the template layer is removed, and the final CAD file is converted to the laser marker program format.
If the art work already exists in a CAD file format, the image elements could be optimized without using a separate library of logos. Every element including repetitive elements shared between drawings must be individually optimized. It will take considerably longer to convert large quantities of files, and there is no guarantee that every clement is optimized correctly. It is far more efficient to use the original AutoCAD file as the placement template for optimized logos.
Implementation of beam-steered laser marking requires a team effort. With cooperative implementation. manufacturing can ensure product flow and integration with existing controls, the materials department ensures that plastics and coatings are appropriate for laser marking, and engineering will produce part-marking programs with low cycle times and high-quality images. Careful team planning, preparation, and execution will result in a smooth application of laser marking technology and the associated benefits in manufacturing efficiencies, quality, and product value.
About the Author
Richard Stevenson is the Sales Director for Control Micro Systems, Inc. a manufacturer of beam-steered laser marking systems. He has published and presented numerous technical papers and articles on laser marking in trade publications. For information on Industrial Laser Systems, Welding, Engraving, Cutting, Etching or Marking call 407-679-9716 or email sales@cmslaser.com
